Dr Fabrizio Verzini, Head of Sports Medicine at Genea Biomed (Chivasso - IT), and Dr Claudia Tarozzo, Sports Doctor, show what is a CPET test and how it is performed.

Lee Seong-hak from Incheon National University's Exercise Medicine and Disability Rehabilitation Lab performed a VO2max test using COSMED Aquatrainer.

Julian Nagelsmann’s team began their preparations for the second half of the 2022/23 season with the obligatory performance tests: Cardiopulmonary Exercise Tests, a section of the squad, reaction speed and jumping strength.

The Real Madrid players were subject to an intense fitness test with the COSMED K5 wearable metabolic system as they continue their preparations ahead of the return to LaLiga action next week.

Day of testing with COSMED Quark CPET at Human Performance Lab - University of Pavia (Italy).