Various factors can cause significant daily fluctuations in energy expenditure among critically ill patients. This nested, prospective study in a trauma surgical ICU aimed to track the progression of energy expenditure over the first 10 days of critical illness and identify the factors influencing it. Indirect calorimetry was conducted on alternate days from ICU Day 3 ± 1 to Day 10 ± 1,...

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a substantial strain on healthcare systems, particularly in managing critically ill patients. Accurate measurement of energy expenditure (EE) is essential for optimal nutritional support and improved clinical outcomes in these patients. Indirect calorimetry (IC) is the preferred method for assessing EE, though its application in critically ill COVID-19...

Preterm infants rely on optimum external nutritional management and feeding, whereas a healthy fetus in a healthy pregnancy stays in utero until term and receives adequate placental nutrition for the growth of body mass, organs, and particularly the brain. Body composition assessments using Air Displacement Plethysmography (COSMED PEAPOD®) have been introduced into clinical practice at a few...

Effective execution of military missions in cold environments requires highly trained, well-equipped, and operationally ready service members. Understanding the metabolic energetic demands of performing physical work in extreme cold conditions is critical for individual medical readiness of service members. Key characteristics of the cold operational environment that cause excessive energy...