This study aimed to evaluate the agreement between the Q-NRG device in canopy mode and the Deltatrac II, which has long been considered the Gold Standard for Indirect Calorimetry in clinical practice, while its production has ceased.  Sixty-one healthy volunteers underwent two consecutive assessments using both the Q-NRG and Deltatrac II in ran…

Global economic growth has been linked to rising obesity rates and related health issues. A recent study involving 4,213 adults from 34 diverse populations across six continents explores the role of energy expenditure and diet in this trend. While economic development was associated with increased body mass, BMI, and body fat, it also led to hi…

Indirect calorimetry is a useful method to determine how much energy critically ill patients need while in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). However, there is limited information on how energy needs change during the different stages of critical illness in large groups of patients. This study analyzed energy use in adult ICU patients overall and d…

Respiratory failure is a critical condition that occurs when the lungs cannot provide sufficient oxygen to the blood or effectively remove carbon dioxide from the body. Patients with respiratory failure often struggle to maintain adequate oral nutrition due to associated breathlessness, placing them at greater risk for malnutrition due to both…

Various factors can cause significant daily fluctuations in energy expenditure among critically ill patients. This nested, prospective study in a trauma surgical ICU aimed to track the progression of energy expenditure over the first 10 days of critical illness and identify the factors influencing it. Indirect calorimetry was conducted on alter…

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a substantial strain on healthcare systems, particularly in managing critically ill patients. Accurate measurement of energy expenditure (EE) is essential for optimal nutritional support and improved clinical outcomes in these patients. Indirect calorimetry (IC) is the preferred method for assessing EE, though it…

Preterm infants rely on optimum external nutritional management and feeding, whereas a healthy fetus in a healthy pregnancy stays in utero until term and receives adequate placental nutrition for the growth of body mass, organs, and particularly the brain. Body composition assessments using Air Displacement Plethysmography (COSMED PEAPOD®) have…

Effective execution of military missions in cold environments requires highly trained, well-equipped, and operationally ready service members. Understanding the metabolic energetic demands of performing physical work in extreme cold conditions is critical for individual medical readiness of service members. Key characteristics of the cold opera…

Adequate nutrition is of paramount importance in critically ill patients, as it can result in less muscle wasting, decreased length of hospital stay and decreased mortality.  Since metabolism, resting energy expenditure (REE) and nutritional status are changing during the different phases of critical illness, it is difficult to ensure adequate…

Evidence is growing that the individual adjustment of energy targets guided by indirect calorimetry (IC) can improve outcome. With the development of a new generation of devices that are easier to use and rapid, it appears important to share knowledge and expertise that may be used to individualize nutrition care. Despite the focus of this tutor…

Indirect calorimetry (IC) is the gold standard to monitor energy expenditure in critically ill patients. In several intensive care units (ICUs), nurses are responsible for carrying out the measurements. The aim of this study was to assess nurses' perception of their involvement in IC. This was a prospective survey conducted in the surgical ICU…

Low energy availability (LEA) describes a state where the energy intake is insufficient to cover the energy costs of both exercise energy expenditure and basal physiological body functions.  LEA has been associated with various physiological consequences, such as reproductive dysfunction. However, the effect of LEA on skeletal muscle protein sy…

Studies show that malnutrition is common among cancer patients, ranging from about 20% to more than 70%. It is known that malnutrition that is not managed properly worsens the course of the disease, prolongs the hospital stay, and impacts the quality of life and treatment toxicities.   Malnutrition has many negative effects, therefore indivi…

We would like to focus on the new ESPEN Standard Operating Procedures released on July 2023.   The previous 2019 guideline has been shortened and partially revised to provide best medical nutritional therapy to critically ill patients.   In the current guideline, the timing, route, dose and composition of nutrition will be discussed and re…

The energy demands of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) vary depending on pancreatic function, body composition, lung function, and clinical status. In clinical practice, predictive equations are used to determine energy requirements yet do not reliably account for these factors. Research regarding energy requirements during CF pulmonar…

In the last decades, the energy cost assessment provided new insight on shuttle or constant running as training modalities. The aim of this study was to clarify if marathon runners and soccer players present specific energy cost values related to their training experience performing constant and shuttle running. There is growing evide…

Intestinal failure is defined as the inability to absorb the minimum of macro and micronutrients, minerals and vitamins due to a reduction in gut function. In a subpopulation of patients with a dysfunctional gastrointestinal system, treatment with total or supplemental parenteral nutrition is required. The golden standard for the determin…

Critically ill patients with obesity have unique and complex nutritional needs, with clinical practice guidelines conflicting regarding recommended energy targets.   The aim of this systematic review was to describe measured resting energy expenditure (mREE) reported in the literature and compare mREE to predicted energy targets…

Indirect calorimetry is increasingly recommended to guide energy delivery in the ICU. This review aims to provide a critical overview of current literature in support of these recommendations.   There is insufficient evidence to ascertain a mortality benefit from indirect calorimetry-guided energy delivery. However, large variations…

Mechanically ventilated patients are weaned during acute care hospitalization when it is determined that they are ready for withdrawal. If weaning fails, patients are admitted to a rehabilitation medical center for continued supportive care and additional weaning attempts.   This study's objective is to increase the success rate of w…